The Consumer Protection Act, 2019
India's Consumer Protection Act, 2019 significantly strengthened the rights of consumers compared to its predecessor. It broadened the definition of consumer, expanded the list of unfair trade practices, and introduced product liability as a distinct category of consumer redressal — placing greater accountability on manufacturers, service providers, and sellers.
Your Six Core Rights
Every consumer in India is entitled to: (1) the right to safety — protection against goods and services hazardous to life and property; (2) the right to information — accurate details about quality, quantity, and price; (3) the right to choose — access to a variety of goods at competitive prices; (4) the right to be heard — assurance that consumer interests will receive due consideration; (5) the right to seek redressal — fair settlement of genuine grievances; and (6) the right to consumer education — knowledge to make informed decisions.
Product Liability
Under the 2019 Act, a product manufacturer, service provider, or seller can be held liable for harm caused by a defective product or deficiency in service. Liability arises where there is a manufacturing defect, design defect, deviation from manufacturing specifications, or inadequate instructions or warnings. You do not need to prove negligence — strict liability applies in many cases.
Unfair Trade Practices
The Act prohibits a wide range of unfair trade practices including false advertisements, misleading representations about quality or standard, and deceptive pricing. With the rise of e-commerce, provisions targeting fake reviews, hidden charges, and non-delivery of ordered goods are particularly significant for online shoppers.
Filing a Consumer Complaint
Complaints can be filed before the District Consumer Disputes Redressal Commission (for claims up to ₹1 crore), the State Commission (up to ₹10 crore), or the National Commission (above ₹10 crore). Complaints can now also be filed online through the e-Daakhil portal, making redressal more accessible than ever.
How We Can Help
Satya Shastra represents consumers against manufacturers, service providers, builders, insurance companies, and e-commerce platforms. We also advise businesses on compliance with consumer protection regulations to reduce exposure to liability. Whether you have been sold a defective product, subjected to a misleading advertisement, or denied a valid warranty claim, our team can help you pursue the remedy you deserve.